Products     Antarth® SGC - Mode of Action Boswellia serrata (Salai guggul) - IAnti-inflammatory and Analgesic It inhibits pro-inflammatory mediators in the body, specifically leukotrienes via inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase, the key enzyme for leukotriene synthesis, is the scientifically proved mechanism for its anti-inflammatory/anti-arthritic activity. (Phytomedicine. 2008 Jun;15(6-7):400-7. Epub 2008 Jan 28) Commiphora mukul (Shuddha guggul) - Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Fraction "A" of gum-guggul from Commiphora mukul were administered orally at a daily dose of 500 mg/kg, respectively, for a period of five months in experimental arthritis decreased the thickness of the joint swelling during the course of drug treatment. (Arzneimittelforschung. 1977 Jul;27(7):1455-7) Alpinia galanga (Kulinjan) – Chondroprotective The results indicate that WS (Withania somnifera), has significant antistress adaptogenic activity, confirming the clinical use of the plant in Ayurveda. (Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003 Jun;75(3):547-55) Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) - Chondroprotective and immunomodulatory In vitro model of human cartilage damage provides qualitative and statistically significant, quantitative pre-clinical data on anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective activities of Withania somnifera. (Phytother Res. 2008 Oct; 22(10):1342-8) W. somnifera showed potent inhibitory activity towards the complement system, mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation and delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. The results report immunosuppressive effect of W. somnifera root powder, thus it could be a candidate for developing as an immunomodulatory drug for the inflammatory diseases. (Vascular Pharmacology, Volume 44, Issue 6, June 2006, Pages 406-410) Acurcuma longa (Haridra) – Inhibition of Prostaglandin A turmeric fraction depleted of essential oils profoundly inhibited joint inflammation and periarticular joint destruction in a dose-dependent manner. Curcumin induces apoptosis and inhibits prostaglandin E(2) production in synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Curcumin decreased the expression levels of the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA and protein without causing significant changes in the COX-1 levels, which was correlated with the inhibition of prostaglandin E(2) synthesis. (Int J Mol Med. 2007 Sep;20(3):365-72) Vitex negundo (Nirgundi) – Analgesic action Among the 80% ethanol extract and some fractions with different polarity, the acetoacetate fraction showed the highest anti-nociceptive activity in acetic acid-induced writhing test in ICR mice. (Phytomedicine. 2009 Jan 30). Trigonella foenum-graecum (Methi) – Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were examined in a partially purified fraction (MTH) of the Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract. In comparison to control group MTH showed highly significant, dose dependent analgesic activity against thermally as well as chemically induced pain. (Acta Pol Pharm. 2008 Jul-Aug;65(4):473-6) Tinospora cordifolia(Guduchi), Zingiber officinale (Soonth) – Anti–inflammatory Zingiber officinale, Vitex negundo and Tinospora cordifolia possess anti-inflammatory effects in both acute and subacute inflammation. (Indian journal of pharmacology, Year: 1999, Volume: 31 ; Issue : 3 ; Pg : 232-233) Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi) – Anti-Oxidant and Immunostimulant TCE treatment caused significant reduction in eosinophil count and hemoglobin percentage. 60% patients receiving TCE and 20% on placebo reported decrease in the incidence of various symptoms associated with disease. Tinospora cordifolia extract, a plant derived immunostimulant, significantly affected the symptoms of HIV. This was validated by clinical evaluation. (Indian journal of pharmacology Year: 2008; Volume: 40; Issue: 3; Pg : 107-110) Antarth® liniment/ointment - Mode of Action   Menthol (Pudina satva) – Analgesic The results suggest that menthol may be analgesic in some patients with peripheral and central neuropathic pain. (Pain Med. 2008 Apr;9(3):354-8) Eucalyptus oil (Nilgiri tel) – Anti-inflammatory 1,8-cineole (cineole) and beta-pinene, two monoterpenes isolated from the essential oil obtained from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn leaves were tested for antinociceptive properties. Tail-flick and hot-plate methods, reflecting the spinal and supraspinal levels, respectively, were used in mice and/or rats using morphine and naloxone for comparison. Cineole exhibited an anti-nociceptive activity comparable to that of morphine, in both algesic stimuli. (Planta Med.2007 Oct;73(12):1247-54)